1. Introduction
The concept of discrimination, just like the concept of othering, has frequently appeared in the media and public sphere for some time. Even a quick media search
on the Internet for news published between October 20-27, 2018 shows how often discrimination has become a commonly used concept. On October 26 2018, the
headline of the news announcing the ruling party's strategy for local election nomination was "The AK Party Will Apply Positive Discrimination to Women Candidates"1. On October 25, 2018, the sports media announced that the tickets of the
Fenerbahce's Anderlecht match in Belgium sold by looking at individuals' ID cards
with the title of "Ugly Discrimination Against Fenerbahce"2. On October 20, 2018,
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's "Anyone who discriminates based on ethnicity in
our country will have to face us first.”3 speech brought to the headlines by the media.
Again, on October 20, 2018, a news headline that appeared on the sports pages: “Attention-Grabbing Event for Discrimination in Sport from Green Crescent”4.
The fact that the concept of discrimination is used so frequently in the media
may suggest that this concept is a priority title of social research. However, reality does not confirm this idea. Indeed, using the concept of discrimination in
social science researches in Turkey is a relatively new phenomenon. Moreover,
this situation is not only limited to Turkey but also includes continental Europe.
Although the introduction of the concept of equality into legal texts dates back
to the times of French Revolution, the introduction of discriminatory attitudes
causing inequality into legal documents was only possible with the emergence
of the struggle for Human Rights in the post-World War II period.
Even though the articles 2 and 7 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human
Rights do not use the concept of discrimination, they include emphases on anti-discrimination. The 88-page report5 on the Main Types and Causes of Discrimination issued by the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 1949 can be
considered as one of the founding texts on this issue. According to definition in
the report, discrimination defined “as unequal and adverse treatment leading to
inequality between members of the privileged category and non-members, by
denying the rights or social advantages of members of a particular social class,
1 Akşam, October 26, 2018, <https://www.aksam.com.tr/siyaset/ak-partide-kadin-atagi/haber-787326>
2 Fanatik, October 25, 2018, <https://www.fanatik.com.tr/fenerbahceye-cirkin-ayrimcilik-2019640>
3 Anadolu Ajansı, October 20, 2018, <https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gunun-basliklari/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-etnik-ayrimcilik-yapan-karsisinda-once-bizi-bulur/1287847>
4 Hürriyet, October 20, 2018, <http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yerel-haberler/manisa/yesilaydan-sporda-ayrimciliga-dikkat-ceken-etk-40993204>
5 https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1638125/files/E_CN-4_Sub-2_40_Rev-1-EN.pdf
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