NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS AS A HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION MECHANISM: THE CASES OF THE OMBUDSMAN AND HUMAN RIGHTS AND EQUALITY INSTITUTION OF TURKEY 7. The Board is not authorized to issue a resolution that will redress the pecuniary and/ or non-pecuniary damages of victims as a result of the applications lodged before the Institution. Implementation 1. The number of applications lodged before the Institution is quite low and shows that the Institution is not known by the public and/or is perceived as an ineffective institution. 2. The number of reviews initiated by the Board in an ex officio fashion is quite low. 3. The Board considers a significant portion of the applications lodged as inadmissible and the number of resolutions rendered on the violation of non-discrimination is quite low. 4. The Institution's policy for the publication of Board resolutions is not known. 5. The applications lodged before the Board are not published and thus, CSOs are not enabled to express opinions regarding these applications. The Board does not have any stable policy for seeking the opinions of CSOs concerning applications or ex officio reviews. 6. Although the resolutions of the Board refer to international law, there is no overall approach for acting in line with international law considering the activities of the Institution in general. 7. Most of the violation resolutions issued by the Board are not relevant to the areas where institutional or structural discrimination and the number of violation resolutions issued by the Board on the important problems of disadvantaged groups is quite low. The Board has yet to issue a resolution on discrimination against different groups living in Turkey on the basis of ethnic origin, minority religion and belief groups or on gender discrimination. 8. The Board has yet to issue a resolution on many grounds and areas of non-discrimination or on the exemptions of discrimination. 9. The administrative fines imposed by the Board are quite low and are not proportional, effective and deterrent when compared to the current conditions. 56